MILs as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

3 Department of Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

Abstract

The fossil fuel supply is being depleted daily due to rising energy usage. Fossil fuels emit greenhouse gases, which contribute to global warming and have many other negative consequences on the environment. The flexible and environmentally friendly biodiesel has become a popular replacement for fuels made from fossil sources. Esterification and transesterification used to produce biodiesel using homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. During the production of biodiesel, heterogeneous catalysts can overcome the problems that homogeneous catalysts had. To increase the catalytic activity, scientists are currently investigating several catalysts supports because heterogeneous catalysts associated with a deficiency of active sites. Among heterogeneous catalysts, Materials of Institute Lavoisier frameworks (MILs) which is a family of metal organic frameworks has gained the most attention due to its large specific surface area, flexible pore structure, Uniformity in pore size and functional groups. In this review various types of MILs have been discussed. In addition, the different preparation methods of MILs, factors affecting biodiesel production, and properties of produced biodiesel.

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